Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a medical condition in which the force of the blood against the walls of the arteries is consistently too high. It is defined as a systolic blood pressure (the upper number) of 140 mmHg or higher, or a diastolic blood pressure (the lower number) of 90 mmHg or higher, measured on multiple occasions.
The exact causes of hypertension are not always clear, but some factors that can contribute to its development include obesity, lack of physical activity, stress, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and a diet high in salt. In some cases, hypertension can also be a result of underlying medical conditions such as kidney disease, hormonal imbalances, and sleep apnea.
Treatment and management of hypertension typically involve a combination of lifestyle changes and medication. Lifestyle changes can include maintaining a healthy diet that is low in salt, losing weight if overweight, engaging in regular physical activity, quitting smoking, and limiting alcohol consumption. Medications used to treat hypertension include diuretics, beta blockers, ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, and others.
In addition to these standard treatments, some people may also benefit from complementary or alternative approaches such as relaxation techniques, acupuncture, or omega-3 fatty acid supplements. However, it is important to consult a healthcare professional before starting any new treatment or making any significant changes to your current management plan.
It is also important to have regular check-ups with a healthcare professional to monitor your blood pressure and assess the effectiveness of your treatment. By working closely with your healthcare team, you can develop an individualized plan for managing your hypertension and reducing your risk of complications.